Article.
INNOVATIONS
IN PRESENT-DAY UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES
Presentation of :
Putilina, Oksana.
Innovations in Present-day Ukrainian and English Languages (Morphology. Syntax.
Sociolinguistics). Book 2 [Text] / Oksana Putilina : Educational Supply for
Students of Higher Educational Institutions / Ed. by Anatoliy Zahnitko. –
Donetsk : Donetsk National University, 2012. – 306 pp.
Under the global integration that results in
strengthening intercultural relations, development of languages, including
English and Ukrainian, is an impetuous process, particularly at the lexical
level, which is not always predictable, so it is clear is that the
lexicographical sources do not have time to fix neologisms, creating serious
obstacles especially for those who are not native speakers in a language, but
is forced to perform an active communicants in the linguistic environment, in
the first place – in English as a language of active international
communication in terms of Ukrainian-speaker personality.
Repeated attempts to study English lexicographical
sources have shown that not all lexical units recorded in the most sensitive to
such language processes sources, based on actual live speech and appealed to
it, namely – in the mass media, research papers and fictions by
English-language authors included in the register of even the most
authoritative dictionaries of English that publishes in the UK and USA.
Analysis of examples collated by many authors, in which this fact is of
concern, revealed new structural types of lexical items such as broken
(splinter) elements (splinters), a significant number of highly unstable
compound nouns with separate writing, but a common unifying focus (block
compounds) and creation on their basis complex / pseudo-complex words of other
parts of speech, whose self-morphological identity usually is defined only
within a specific context for the fulfillment of their syntactic role, i.e.
their appearance is a evidence of strengthening the influence of analogous to
the formation of composites / quasi-composites, that can lead to structural
changes of lexical items, including the conversion of compound words in
derivatives for potentially unlimited number of new words with unstable and
unpredictable grammatical categorical indicators.
This process is one of the differential features of
Modern English, especially British and American variants as competitors, stand
out against other variants of English (such as the Australian or Canadian) with
the multiplicity of speakers, geographical area because of extralinguistic
factors of their distribution – as classical, "original
","true" (as claimed by some supporters of BE) English in the status
of one of the languages of international communication and less conservative,
with signs of language-cosmopolitan, that absorbed in themselves elements of
other languages, which directly contacted, the language of the powerful state
in the world arena (AmE), respectively. It is clear that non-English
communicants hard not to get lost, hitting the English-speaking society,
especially given that all options, including BE and AmE, not fixed on a
particular territory and demonstrate active engagement / compete even in the
speech of a particular English speaker. The complexity of the situation also
lies in the fact that the processes that originate at the lexical level,
provoke changes at other levels of language, in fact, sometimes blurring the
traditional notions of grammatical categories, syntactic relations and semantic
structure of construction in general.
Therefore, the handbook is
user-oriented on Ukrainian communicant, which for various reasons, immersed in
the English language and whose traditional ideas of the modern English conflict
with the live British broadcasting. The manual is structured so as to best
cover all areas of human activity that may be in the role of extralinguistic
factors affect on the development of English (in comparison with Ukrainian as
the main language of communication): health, economics, politics, science and
technology, sports, art, music, movies, literature, television, travel and
life, news, including showbiz and celebrity, and more.
The principle of arrangement of the material involves
two main parts: a theoretical overview of the dominant trends primarily in
Present-day English in comparison with the Ukrainian (as a native language for
communicant) (General Description of Innovative Processes in Present-day
English Language in comparison with the Ukrainian one: Morphology, Syntax and
Sociolinguistics. Past and Present) and practical, which consists of an English
part of 4 blocks and Ukrainian one of 1 block, followed by a list of sources
(LIST OF SOURCES) and a general list of academic and scientific-educational
literature (REFERENCES).
The first 3 blocks of English part, each of which
contains 45 texts (15 for each considering aspect of the innovative processes,
namely morphological changes (Morphological Changes in Present-day English
Language in comparison with the Ukrainian one), syntactic changes (Syntactic
Changes in Present-day English Language in comparison with the Ukrainian one)
and rethinking the vocabulary because of sociolinguistic changes
(Sociolinguistic Reinterpretation in Present-day English Language in comparison
with the Ukrainian one)), designed to test knowledge and skills of
English-Ukrainian translation taking into account features at the grammatical
level (TRANSLATION), analysis in terms of innovation processes in English
vocabulary and grammar (in comparison with Ukrainian) (ANALYSIS) and editing of
English texts with a maximum degree of approximation to the unconstrained
conversational English speech (EDITING) (phonetic features are checked during
processing of the material in work groups or by the teacher during classes, and
the volume of collated texts is proportional to the level of their complexity).
The fourth block provides generalization,
systematization and final consolidation of the material studied as individual
tasks increased volume of higher complexity (because of what it consists of 15
texts) with translations, a full analysis and explanation of innovations in the
grammar of Present-day English considering sociolinguistic factors (in
comparison with Ukrainian) (INDIVIDUAL TASKS OF HIGHER COMPLEXITY IN ENGLISH
(in comparison with the Ukrainian language)).
Ukrainian part is a complex of 15 texts in the highest
level of complexity (КОМПЛЕКСНІ ЗАВДАННЯ УСКЛАДНЕНОГО ТИПУ З УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ
(у зіставленні з англійською)) for final verification of the level of knowledge
learned from the course, involving Ukrainian-English translation with an
exhaustive analysis of grammatical processes and explanations of grammatical
neologisms considering sociolinguistic factors.
Due to the expansive "behavior" of AmE vast
majority of texts, collated for the tasks in English part, especially high
level of complexity, taken from American periodicals. Slightly narrower there
are materials from the British media and others because, contrary to the
assertions of some Anglicists, innovative processes in British periodicals
represented less that caused both of internal factors, including relative
integrity, "monolithic" of vocabulary and extralinguistic ones, which
include political and economic situation, focus on American giants in the field
of mass media such as Forbes, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, The
Washington Times, a group of The New York Times, which controls a number of
publications, in particular NEW YORK POST, New York Magazine, The News
International, The New Times, The New Yorker, The New York Times Magazine,
International Herald Tribune, and others, and tighter censorship. Other
sources, presented in the manual, include manifestations of other variants of
English, for example, Australian (AuE), presented as The Australian, AP, The
West Australian, The Sunday Telegraph, The Sydney Morning Herald, or newspapers
that represent the so-called International English, for example, The Сopenhagen
Post Online or Euronews.net.
Overall, this educational supply is the second book of
the planned three on problems of innovations in Present-day Ukrainian and
English (the first book devoted to innovative processes in phonetics,
lexicology and phraseology, and the third – innovations in derivational system)
and it`s designed for students, post-graduates and lecturers of humanitarian
and non-humanitarian profiles with the average and above average level of
English who want to improve their knowledge of English, especially in the broadcast,
and that lack of direct speech patterns.
The
educational supply is intended for full-time students of specialty
"Applied linguistics", students-philologists, post-graduate students
and lecturers.
Anatoliy Zahnitko (Donetsk, Ukraine)
Available 3 September 2013.
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