Article.
INNOVATIONS IN PRESENT-DAY
UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES : FEATURES OF DERIVATION Presentation of: Putilina, Oksana.
Derivation in Modern English in comparison with Ukrainian : Путіліна Оксана. Деривація в сучасній
англійській мові у зіставленні з українською [Текст] / Оксана Путіліна : Навчальний посібник для
студентів вищих навчальних закладів / За ред. А.П. Загнітка. – Донецьк :
ДонНУ, 2013. – 100 с. Urgent
task of modern education is to involve young people to international culture
and get acquainted with the achievements of world science, which is not
possible without adequate level of knowledge not only the national language,
but at least one language that has the status of an international language of
communication while the language most products of programming is written with,
including English. But contrastive analysis of lexicographical sources and oral
texts fixed at the end XXth – beginning of XXIth
century has shown that not all new linguistic units that occur in contemporary
periodicals, scientific works, artistic works of English authors, regardless of
their chosen option (British, American, Australian, New Zealand, etc.) are
placed in the dictionary (even the most authoritative) issued in the UK and the
US. 
Newly
created discovered types of structural units show a gain of sociopragmatic
factor and the role of analogy in the minds of English native speakers,
resulting in significant shifts in the semantics of certain units, especially
those resulting from derivative process, and therefore in semantics and
stylistic labeling of all text. The need for implementation the course devoted
to trace changes at the derivative level of Modern English, is caused also by a
lack of thorough study of these processes in traditional courses of English as
a foreign language not only for students, translators, but also for students
who are not specialized in English philology, and by primary operation of new
units in speech and not-fixity them in the vast majority of dictionaries and
grammars. Identified neologisms are evidence of powerful impact of intra- and
extralinguistic factors that determine the trend of recent years English and
way of perceiving linguistic and extralinguistic reality by the
English-speaking community (in comparison with Ukrainian). This
process is one of the differential features of Modern English, especially
British and American variants as competitors, stand out against other variants
of English (such as the Australian or Canadian) with the multiplicity of
speakers, geographical area because of extralinguistic factors of their
distribution – as classical, "original ","true" (as claimed
by some supporters of BE) English in the status of one of the languages of
international communication and less conservative, with signs of
language-cosmopolitan, that absorbed in themselves elements of other languages,
which directly contacted, the language of the powerful state in the world arena
(AmE), respectively. It is clear that non-English communicants hard not to get
lost, hitting the English-speaking society, especially given that all options,
including BE and AmE, not fixed on a particular territory and demonstrate
active engagement / compete even in the speech of a particular English speaker.
The complexity of the situation also lies in the fact that the processes that
originate at the lexical level, provoke changes at other levels of language, in
fact, sometimes blurring the traditional notions of derivative structure of
word and grammatical categories in general. The main goal
of the course "Derivation in Modern
English in comparison with Ukrainian"
appears formation at students of philology a systematic scientific knowledge
about new and traditional ways of creating new words in Modern English in
comparison with Ukrainian with consistent: 1)
delimitation of ways of creating words (especially different types of
compound words); 2)
identification of the types of neologisms, including neutral,
morphological, syntactic types; 3)
differentiation of lexical and graphical abbreviations that have the
status of independent lexical items; 4)
definition of semantic, associative and motivational relations between
formative base and words-neologism; 5)
qualifying general sociopragmatic nature of the text and the nature of the
changes caused by the introduction of new lexical unit. All this is made with a view of world elaborations of
linguistic science and it promotes awareness and understanding General English
and Ukrainian. The course focuses
on the problem of self-organization and problem-search of students. For this it
is proposed control-training and final-training tasks involving formation of
appropriate skills and abilities. The main purpose
of this course is to teach students: 1) to analyze
various derivational phenomena, to identify the main trends in Modern English derivational
system in comparison with Ukrainian; 2) to identify
new phenomena of derivational nature; 3) to track
effects in the semantic structure of linguistic units of Modern English (AM) in
comparison with Ukrainian (UM), ie, words, phrases, sentences, text); 4) to have skills
of derivational and semantic analysis. Students should know: 1) dominant
tendencies in derivative processes in Modern English (in comparison with
Ukrainian) at the end XXth – beginning of XXIth century; 2) concept of
derivative changes and their consequences in the semantic structure of the
English sentence (text) in comparison with Ukrainian; 3) main ways of word-formation in Modern English in
comparison with Ukrainian and new types of formants; 4) factors of modern derivative
changes in both compared languages; 5) major
ways to translate of English neologisms into Ukrainian; 6) factors of current extralinguistic and
intralinguistic changes in Modern English in comparison with Ukrainian. Students should be able: 1) to
analyze scientific, publicistic, belle-lettres texts in English and Ukrainian
and to recognize contemporary manifestations of phonetic, lexical and
grammatical processes; 2) to set
internal- and external-language causes of language changes; 3) to determine types of neologisms
and how they arise; 4) to determine the type and method of creating neologisms in
Modern English in comparison with Ukrainian; 5) to apply methods of derivational analysis; 6) to give typological characteristics of
semantic-derivative processes in Modern English sentence (text) in comparison
with Ukrainian; 7) to translate English construction
with neologisms
into Ukrainian. The principle of
arrangement of the material involves two main parts integrally: a theoretical
overview of the dominant trends primarily in Present-day English in comparison
with the Ukrainian (as a native language for communicant) – general description
of innovative processes in Present-day English Language in comparison with the
Ukrainian one: Derivation – in 2 modules, and practical, which consists of
practical training plans for each of the themes, complex tasks of differentiated
complexity for individual work of students, the criteria for assessment,
followed by a list of sources (including – for note-taking) and a general list
of academic and scientific-educational literature for in-depth study of the
material containing as Internet sources with spelled with access to facilitate
their search and processing for students, and also Ukrainian-English glossary
of terms. Overall,
this educational supply is the third book of the planned three on problems of
innovations in Present-day Ukrainian and English (the first book devoted to
innovative processes in phonetics, lexicology and phraseology, and the second –
innovations in morphology, syntax, and sociolinguistics)
and it`s designed for students, post-graduates and lecturers of humanitarian
and non-humanitarian profiles with the average and above average level of
English who want to improve their knowledge of English, especially in the
broadcast, and that lack of direct speech patterns. The
educational supply is intended for full-time students of higher
educational institutions, students-philologists, post-graduate students and
lecturers. Anatoliy Zahnitko (Kyiv – Vinnytsia, Ukraine)
Available 23 October
2014.
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